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A Divided Nation


** Sectionalism ** (or Regionalism) - Excessive loyalty and devotion to one's own region or section of the country rather than the nation as a whole.

Between 1800 and 1850, the northern and southern states developed very differently from one another with regards to their economic development, social structures, and cultural institutions. Over time, these regional differences caused Americans to place less of their allegiance towards the nation ( nationalism ) and focus more of their loyalty to the specific section of the nation in which they lived ( sectionalism ).

= Phase 1 - Sectionalism Part One =

Gather research for the main ideas below. Make sure to cite multiple sources. Your notes will be checked, so please be sure to have them organized and completed by the due date.

We will start by comparing the major categories of difference between the north and the south, and then you will need to continue to reflect and comment on the differences in //**YOUR OWN NOTES**//!

Create a **graphic organizer** that will neatly enable you to gather research for the main ideas listed below. Make sure to keep track of citations for all of your data entry. (Notebook Rubric).
 * Notebook Research Requirement **
 * What physical geographic and climate features made the north well suited for an industrial economy and the South better suited for //agrarian// (farming) economy?
 * //Geography of the North & South// (Hart 254 - 255)


 * How did the major means of transportation in the North compare to the major means of transportation in the South?
 * //Transportation in the North & South// (Hart 259 - 261)


 * What was day-to-day life like in northern and southern societies for whites and free African-Americans?
 * //Society of the South and North// (Hart 264 - 265)
 * //Free Blacks in the South/North// (Hart 270 - 271)
 * "Southern Society" [Hippocampus]
 * Irish & German” Immigration


 * Analyze the significance of cotton, the cotton gin, and slavery to the South’s economic development.
 * //Economy of the South// (Hart 256)
 * //The Economics of Slavery// (Hart 272)
 * "Cotton is King" [Hippocampus]
 * Growth of the cotton industry [PDF]


 * Analyze the significance of industrialists, manufacturing inventions, and the textile industry to the North's economic development.
 * //The Growth of Industry// (//Hart 258 - 259)//
 * // "The Growth of Industry" [Hippocampus] //


 * Identify the arguments used by Southerners to preserve the institution of slavery and by abolitionists to overturn the institution of slavery.
 * //Fighting Slavery// (Hart 246 - 247)
 * “Conditions of Slaves” [Hippocampus]
 * [|Abolitionism] [Hippocampus]
 * Southern Argument for Slavery [website]
 * Wage Slaves [website]

__//**OPTIONAL....**//__
 * How did the Second Great Awakening and the subsequent reform movements further the divisions between the North and the South?
 * //An Era of Reform// (Hart 241 - 251)
 * Reform movements on Education
 * Reform movements on Mental Health
 * Abolitionism
 * Women's Rights

**Main Ideas**

 * 1) Explain how differences in the geography and climate led the North to develop an economy based on industry and the South to develop an economy on agriculture.
 * 2) What kind of gov't did northern industrialists favor? Why did Southern agrarians fear northern industrialists and look down upon their methods of labor?
 * 3) Identify why southerners opposed spending government money on internal transportation improvements within the nation?
 * 4) How did the cotton gin and slavery affect the South's economy and society?
 * 5) Identify the arguments used by Southerners to preserve the institution of slavery and by abolitionists to overturn the institution of slavery.
 * 6) Identify and understand the movements that were capturing the imagination and hearts of many people in the north.

=Resources=


 * Southern Society" [Hippocampus]
 * //Economy of the South// (Hart 256)
 * //The Economics of Slavery// (Hart 272)
 * Cotton is King [Hippocampus]
 * Growth of the cotton industry [PDF]
 * The Growth of Industry (//Hart 258 - 259)//
 * "The Growth of Industry" [Hippocampus]
 * //Fighting Slavery// (Hart 246 - 247)
 * “Conditions of Slaves” [Hippocampus]
 * [|Abolitionism] [Hippocampus]
 * Southern Argument for Slavery [website]
 * Wage Slaves [website]

= Practice = media type="custom" key="9176262"

=Handouts from Class=



= Phase 2 - Sectionalism Pt. II =

** Notebook Research Requirement **
 * [[file:A Dividing Nation G.O.2012.pages]] graphic organizer

Locate the following key terms and people using the text and video resources provided to you on this page. Define each term and its ** significance ** in your //**Social Studies Only**// notebook/binder. **__//You MUST cite an exact source(s) for each entry.//__** .

Key Terms & People

 * Tallmadge Amendment (1819)
 * Missouri Compromise (1820)
 * Wilmot Proviso (1846)
 * [|Compromise of 1850] (Hippocampus Video)
 * Uncle Tom's Cabin (1852) (Hippocampus Video)
 * Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)
 * Dred Scott Decision (1857) (Hippocampus Video)
 * Fort Sumter (1861)
 * popular sovereignty
 * 10th amendment

**Main Ideas**
Gather research for the following main ideas in your //**Social Studies Only**// notebook/binder. Your research may be written in outline form, as a list, or as a picture/diagram. __**You MUST cite an exact source(s) for each entry.**__
 * 1) Identify the issues and compromised solutions that divided the North and the South prior to the Civil War.
 * 2) How did each of the following historical events elevate the conflict and tension between the North and the South?
 * Uncle Tom's Cabin
 * Dred Scott Decision
 * John Brown's Raid
 * Election of 1860

= Resources = Use the resources below are to gather your research. Remember to cite these these sources in your notebook.
 * Hart 285 - 301
 * Mr. Canton - [|A Review of Sectionalism] (YouTube)

Assessment
Choose a Study ModeScatterLearnFlashcards [|Study these flash cards]

= Extensions =
 * [|Could Lincoln Be Elected Today] (Flackcheck.org)